The Author started his working life as a civilian employee of The United States Air Force, moving on to become a shipping and defence writer, and member of strategic study groups such as The British Atlantic Committee supporting NATO during the cold war years. His previous works have been published worldwide in Mönch’s Naval Forces, Jane’s Naval Review, Jane’s Defence Review, Shipping Correspondent to NAVY international, and Editor of Jane’s Merchant Shipping Review and a number of other publications. Subsequently becoming a consultant in transport and logistics, and managing a transport company for many years, he is now retired but retains a keen interest in Transport and Defence matters, as a member of the Atlantic Council UK and other specialist interest groups.